Background: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) admissions are often the result of complex interactions between maternal health, delivery method, and perinatal risk factors. Understanding these contributors is essential for improving prenatal care and reducing neonatal morbidity.This study aimed to investigate maternal complications, obstetric factors, and neonatal birth parameters among NICU-admitted infants in a tertiary center in Armenia.Methods: A retrospective randomized chart review of 106 neonates were done. Finding correlations between maternal pregnancy history, delivery method, and neonatal anthropometric data. Data were categorized and analyzed to identify patterns and risk factors associated with NICU admission.Results: Out of 106 neonates, only 25 pregnancies (23.6%) were uncomplicated. Complications were observed in 81 cases (76.4%), with the most common being:- Acute respiratory diseases during pregnancy: 55 cases (67.9%)- Gynecological conditions: 20 cases (24.69%)- Obstetric complications: 6 cases (7.4%)Regarding delivery:- Spontaneous vaginal delivery occurred in 52 neonates (49.1%)- Cesarean section was performed in 54 cases (50.9%)Birth weights revealed:- Low birth weight (<2000g): 6 neonates (5.7%)- Normal birth weight (2500–3500g): 78 neonates (73.6%)- Macrosomia (>3500g): 22 neonates (20.8%)Conclusion: These findings highlight the need for improved prenatal care, early recognition of maternal comorbidities, and coordinated multidisciplinary management to lower the risk of NICU admission. Pregnant women with these conditions should remain under close medical supervision, neonates should be screened for TORCH infections, and deliveries should be conducted in specialized multidisciplinary maternity hospitals.
